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neurologyYou need to know

• The term genre refers to a category of literature with shared conventions.
• The Gothic is a literary genre that explores fear, mystery, and the supernatural.
• Common Gothic conventions include isolated settings, atmosphere, the supernatural, threatening characters, and females in peril.
• The Castle of Otranto (1764) is considered the first Gothic novel.
• Gothic fiction emerged in the late eighteenth century.
• Gothic fiction drew on Romantic interests in emotion, imagination, the medieval past, and the sublime.
• Gothic fiction challenged confidence in Enlightenment reason.
• Later Gothic fiction expressed anxieties about scientific and industrial change.
• The sublime combines beauty with terror.
• Terror creates fear through anticipation, while horror creates fear through revelation.
• An archetype is a recurring type of character across literature.
• Common Gothic archetypes include the Byronic hero, femme fatale, and damsel in distress.
• Gothic conventions and archetypes are flexible patterns that writers can adapt, combine, or subvert, rather than a definitive checklist.
• Pathetic fallacy attributes human emotions or qualities to nature or inanimate surroundings, often through weather.
• Metonymy substitutes the name of something closely associated with the thing meant, such as "the Crown" for the monarchy.
• An extended metaphor develops one comparison across a text.
• In an extended metaphor, the tenor is the subject of the metaphor, the vehicle is the image used, and the ground is the similarity connecting them.
• Authorial intent is the reason a writer makes particular choices.
• Connotation refers to the ideas and feelings associated with a word.
• Show, don't tell reveals emotion through actions rather than directly stating it.
• Sensory imagery appeals to the reader's senses to create atmosphere.
• Anaphora repeats a word or phrase at the beginnings of successive clauses.
• Epistrophe repeats a word or phrase at the ends of successive clauses.
• Palilogia repeats a word or phrase immediately.
• Linked present participles, parallel phrasing, and preposition openers shape sentence structure.
• Restricted perspective creates uncertainty by limiting the reader to what one narrator or character knows and perceives.
• Unreliable or unstable narration creates uncertainty by making the narrator's account open to doubt.
• Withholding information and delaying revelation create uncertainty by postponing explanations or discoveries.
• Foreshadowing creates uncertainty by hinting at future events without fully revealing them.
• Shifts in pace create uncertainty by controlling how quickly or slowly events and information unfold.
• A Gothic description often follows a five-part structure: setting, arrival, discovery, revelation, and consequence.

• Identify Gothic conventions and archetypes in unseen extracts.
• Analyse how writers create atmosphere and Gothic uncertainty using language, narrative perspective, and structure.
• Explain the effects of pathetic fallacy, metonymy, and extended metaphor.
• Identify the tenor, vehicle, and ground of an extended metaphor.
• Explain authorial intent using contextual knowledge.
• Analyse extracts from The Castle of Otranto, Frankenstein, Dracula, and The Yellow Wallpaper.
• Use repetition techniques and sentence openers in their own writing.
• Apply show, don't tell and sensory imagery in descriptive writing.
• Write analytical paragraphs using evidence and subject terminology.
• Produce a coherent 400-word Gothic description.