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neurologyYou need to know

• The probability of an event A is written as `P(A)`.
• Probabilities are always between 0 and 1, where 0 means impossible and 1 means certain.
• The sum of the probabilities of all possible outcomes in a sample space is 1.
• Mutually exclusive events are events that cannot happen at the same time; they have no outcomes in common.
• For mutually exclusive events A and B, `P(A \text{ or } B) = P(A) + P(B)`.
• Independent events are events where the outcome of one does not affect the outcome of the other.
• For independent events A and B, `P(A \text{ and } B) = P(A) \times P(B)`.
• A Venn diagram is a visual representation of sets and their relationships, often used to show probabilities of combined events.
• A tree diagram is a branching diagram that shows all possible outcomes of a sequence of events and their probabilities.
• The probability of a sequence of independent events is found by multiplying the probabilities along the branches of the tree diagram.

• Use correct probability notation, such as `P(A)`, `P(A \cup B)`, and `P(A \cap B)`, in calculations and explanations.
• Identify whether two or more events are mutually exclusive or not, and justify the reasoning.
• Copy a given Venn diagram accurately and complete it by placing the correct probabilities or frequencies in each region.
• Calculate the probability of combined independent events using multiplication, for example, `P(A \text{ and } B) = P(A) \times P(B)`.
• Copy a given tree diagram accurately and complete it by filling in missing probabilities and outcomes.
• Use a completed tree diagram to find the probability of specific outcomes or combined events.