Curriculum Portal

neurologyYou need to know

• Marriage is a legally recognised partnership that gives couples specific rights and responsibilities, including legal duties around finances, property, and, where relevant, parenting.
• In the UK, a marriage must be entered into freely by both people, without pressure or force, and bigamy (being married to more than one person at a time) is illegal.
• Online relationships can be meaningful and supportive but can also involve risks such as dishonesty, catfishing, and sharing personal information with people you do not fully know.
• Sexual orientation describes a person's enduring pattern of romantic and/or sexual attraction, for example to the same gender, a different gender, more than one gender, or to no one.
• Discrimination and harassment related to someone's sexual orientation are unlawful in settings covered by the Equality Act 2010; bullying is not automatically unlawful, although it may constitute unlawful harassment, discrimination, or another offence.
• Consent means a clear, freely given agreement to something, made by someone who has the capacity to choose, with enough information, and without pressure, threats, or manipulation.
• Alcohol or drugs invalidate consent when their effects remove a person's capacity to choose, rather than whenever any intoxication is present.
• Consent must be specific to the activity, informed, and can be withdrawn at any time, even if someone has previously agreed or is in a relationship with the other person.
• Enthusiastic consent is a positive relationship standard, but enthusiasm is not part of the legal test for consent.
• In the UK, the legal age of consent to sexual activity is 16; sexual activity with someone under 16 is against the law, and a child under 13 cannot legally consent to any sexual activity.
• Personal values are the core beliefs and qualities that guide our decisions and behaviour, such as honesty, kindness, fairness, perseverance, or loyalty.
• Goals are desired outcomes that you plan and work towards, and setting realistic, meaningful goals is linked to higher motivation, wellbeing, and life satisfaction.
• A S.M.A.R.T. goal is Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound, which makes it clearer, more realistic, and easier to track.
• Eating a balanced diet supports physical health by helping to maintain a healthy weight, strengthen bones and muscles, support growth, and reduce the risk of certain diseases.
• Diet also affects mental health and wellbeing; a nutritious diet can support stable mood, better concentration, and energy levels, while a poor diet can contribute to low mood, irritability, and tiredness.
• Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds are generally beneficial for mental and physical health because they provide vitamins, minerals, fibre, and slow-release energy.
• Highly processed foods and drinks that are high in added sugar can cause rapid spikes and crashes in blood sugar, which can negatively affect mood, concentration, and energy levels.
• A healthy snack is typically lower in added sugar and salt, contains some fibre and/or protein, and provides useful nutrients rather than just empty calories.
• Food labels usually show serving size, energy (in kilocalories and kilojoules), amounts of fat, saturates, sugars, and salt, which can be used to judge how healthy a snack or food is.
• Regular physical activity supports mental health by helping to reduce stress, anxiety, and symptoms of depression, and by improving sleep quality and self-esteem.
• Unsafe online situations can involve strangers asking for personal details, pressure to share images or private information, and communication that makes a person feel scared, uncomfortable, or controlled.
• There is a difference between friends and being friendly; friends are people you trust, share personal thoughts with, and rely on for support, while being friendly means being polite and kind without necessarily having deep trust or closeness.
• Healthy, meaningful relationships (online or offline) are built on mutual respect, trust, honesty, regular two-way communication, and appropriate boundaries that keep everyone safe.

• Compare friendships, romantic relationships, marriages, and online relationships by identifying at least three similarities and three differences in their purposes, qualities, and responsibilities.
• Identify at least five personal values and explain how to act in ways that align with each value in everyday school, home, or online situations.
• Construct a personal S.M.A.R.T. goal, ensuring it meets all five criteria and explaining how achieving it could support your wellbeing or personal development.
• Evaluate my typical daily diet by listing what I eat and drink, grouping foods into types (for example fruits, vegetables, whole grains, processed foods), and identifying patterns that are healthy or unhealthy.
• Identify snack options from a given list or from real life and classify them as healthier or less healthy, explaining my decisions using evidence from ingredients and nutrition information.
• Recognise common signs of online scams or unsafe situations (such as requests for money, passwords, or private images, and urgent or threatening messages) and state safe responses, such as blocking, reporting, and not sharing information.
• Explain how I will maintain at least one important relationship beyond social media by suggesting specific actions, such as arranging in-person time, having phone or video calls, and communicating honestly about feelings and boundaries.